水电工程过鱼设施集鱼斗的设计与研究

Design and research of fish bucket for fish passage facilities in hydropower projects

以丰满重建工程过鱼设施为例,重点阐述集鱼斗在过鱼设施中的重要性及其设计方案。集鱼斗型式和尺寸是整体设计的关键,根据过鱼对象的规格、数量、季节等,采用比例分配法和平均法进行类比计算,经过比选,平均分配法在数量和重量上,都选择最不利的条件,为计算集鱼斗的尺寸奠定基础。根据千克鱼的需水量及调整系数确定集鱼斗的有效容积,根据过鱼对象规格及集鱼池内部结构确定集鱼斗的尺寸。目前,丰满重建工程过鱼设施已成功运行,运行过程中还应加强过鱼措施实际效果的监测,根据实际的过鱼数量和频率,通过调整运行次数来弥补因过鱼数量增加而导致集鱼斗容积不足的问题。

Taking the fish passage facility of Fengman Hydropower Power Station Reconstruction Project as an example,design programme of fish bucket in fish passage facilities is given.The determination of the type and size of the bucket is the key to the design of the fish bucket.According to the size,number and season of the fish,etc.,after comparison and selection,the average distribution method selects the most unfavorable conditions in both quantity and weight,which lays a foundation for calculating the size of the bucket.The effective volume of the bucket is determined according to the water demand of fish per kilometer and the adjustment coefficient,and the size of the bucket is determined according to the specifications of the passing fish and the internal structure of the tank.At present,the fishing facilities of Fengman Reconstruction Project have been successfully operated,in the process of operation,the monitoring of the actual effect of fish passing facilities should be strengthened.According to the actual number and frequency of fish passing,the operation times should be adjusted to make up for the problem of insufficient volume of fish collecting bucket due to the increase of fish passing number.