水利水电设施险情处置研究与实践

Study and practice on hazardous events disposal of the hydropower station and water conservancy facilities

近年来,我国各类极端气候和自然灾害时有发生,水利水电设施受此影响出现渗水、翻砂鼓水、管涌、裂缝、漏洞、跌窝、崩塌、泥石流、滑动失稳、漫溢、决口、堰塞湖、闸门受损、风浪破坏等险情。为有效处置这些险情实现安全救援,首先分析研究各类险情的种类、破坏机理及形态,并提出针对性的处置措施,然后以唐家山、红石岩堰塞湖应急抢险和舟曲泥石流抢险为案例,简要介绍这两次抢险过程的险情特点、应急技术应用和处置成效,最后归纳总结应急处置方案研究应把握的重点,可为今后处置同类型水利水电设施险情提供借鉴。

In recent years,extreme weather and natural disasters have occurred in China from time to time.Affected by that,the hazardous events about seepage,crack,collapse,mudslide and others occur in the hydropower station and water conservancy facilities.In order to deal with these dangerous situations effectively and rescue safely,this article puts forward pertinent measure firstly through analyzing different kinds of disasters and failure mechanism.After that,this article introduces the characteristics and emergency rescue technique and disposal effect of cases in Tangjiashan barrier lake and Hongshiyan barrier lake and Zhouqu Mudslide.Finally,it summarizes the key points of emergency rescue programme.It can be used for reference to deal with the similar disasters.