日本森林保险市场化经营经验及启示

Experience and Enlightenment of Marked-based Management of Forest Insurance in Japan

森林保险是重要的林业风险管理方式。自2009年开展中央财政森林保险保费补贴试点工作以来,我国森林保险取得了长足发展;但随着市场逐渐饱和,其进一步发展遇到了难以突破的瓶颈,亟需找到从政策推动进入到市场选择的途径。日本是林业发达国家,高度重视森林保险的发展,形成了较为完善的森林保险体系,在国营森林保险的基础上较好地实现了“市场化运营”,对我国形成“政府主导、市场化经营”的森林保险运作模式具有重要的借鉴意义。文中分析日本森林保险的产品内容、保险金额、保险费、投保和理赔等,从风险区划、产品体系、保费优惠和保险金额标准等方面总结其对我国森林保险高质量发展的启示。

Forest insurance is an important method of risk management in the forestry sector.As of the year of 2009,when China began the pilot of central finance subsidizing forest insurance premium,forest insurance has made great progress.China’s forest insurance encounters a development bottleneck that is difficult to break through as the insurance market comes to saturation.Therefore,it is urgent to find an approach to make the forest insurance development impetus shift from policy promotion to market incentivization.As a developed country in forestry,Japan attaches great importance to the development of forest insurance and has formed a relatively sound forest insurance system.With the system,Japan accomplishes the market-based operation of forestry insurance relying on the state-run forest insurance,which provides references for China to shape the government-led and market-based forest insurance operation mode.This paper analyzes the product,insured amount,premium,insurance process and claim settlement of forest insurance in Japan,and summarizes the implications for the high-quality development of China’s forest insurance from the aspects of risk division,product system,preferential premium and standard insured amount.