中国杜鹃花品种分类问题与思考

Problems and Thoughts on the Classification of Rhododendron Cultivars in China

杜鹃花具有极高的观赏价值,是世界级名花。经过数百年的人工选育,全球杜鹃花品种已超过3万个。我国虽然拥有丰富的杜鹃花资源,但园艺化程度与国外差距明显,其中一个重要原因就是国内杜鹃花品种分类及品种名称较为混乱,阻碍了其进一步应用和发展。文中综述了近年来中国杜鹃花品种分类研究的成果与存在的不足,并展望了研究方向。分析认为,综合植物系统分类学研究及品种亲本来源信息是建立科学品种分类体系的基础,同时运用分子生物学技术和形态性状数量分析等方法进行归类将是重要的研究方向。

Rhododendrons are world famous plants for their high ornamental values.After breeding for hundreds of years,there are over 30000 cultivars all over the world.Although China has abundant germplasm resource of Rhododendron,there is a big gap in the Rhododendron horticulture between China and the developed countries.One of the most important reasons lies in the fact that the classification and nomenclature of Rhododendron cultivars in China are greatly confused,which seriously hinders the further application and development of Rhododendron.This paper summarizes the achievements and insufficiencies on the classification of Rhododendron cultivars in China in recent years,and put forward the future research focus and direction.The analysis shows that the combination of plant systematics and parent source information of cultivars is the foundation to establish a scientific cultivar classification system of Rhododendron.In addition,using molecular biology techniques and numerical taxonomy on morphological characteristics are also important research directions.