蛇床子散对湿疹大鼠Th1/Th2免疫功能的影响

Effects of Shechuangzi San on Th1/Th2 Immune Function in Eczema Rats

目的探讨蛇床子散对湿疹大鼠Th1/Th2免疫功能的影响,并分析其治疗湿疹的作用机制。方法将50只SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、蛇床子散高剂量组、蛇床子散低剂量组、冰柏液组,每组10只。采用2,4-二硝基氯苯复制大鼠湿疹模型。空白组及模型组予以0.9%生理盐水外涂背部皮损,蛇床子散高剂量组予以2.32 g·mL^(-1)蛇床子散水煎液外涂,蛇床子散低剂量组予以1.16 g·mL^(-1)蛇床子散水煎液外涂,冰柏液组予以冰柏液原液外涂,早晚各1次,共14天。末次给药后,观察大鼠背部皮损情况并进行皮损表观评分;HE染色观察湿疹大鼠皮损病理学改变,并进行半定量评分;ELISA法检测大鼠血清IFN-γ、IL-4、IL-18、IL-33水平;流式细胞术检测血清Th1/Th2比例。结果与空白组相比,模型组大鼠皮损评分明显升高(P<0.05),背部出现水肿、红斑、鳞屑、苔藓样变等一系列皮损;病理切片可见表皮角化过度,角质层增厚,表皮海绵水肿,表皮大量炎症细胞浸润等,皮损半定量评分显著升高(P<0.05);血清IL-4、IL-18、IL-33水平明显升高(P<0.05),而IFN-γ水平明显降低(P<0.05);血清Th1/Th2比例降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,蛇床子散高、低剂量组及冰柏液组大鼠背部皮损明显改善(P<0.05),病理切片可见表皮结构恢复正常,角质层变薄,表皮海绵水肿消失,表皮炎症细胞消失,皮损半定量评分降低(P<0.05);血清IL-4、IL-18、IL-33水平降低(P<0.05),而IFN-γ水平升高(P<0.05),血清Th1/Th2比例明显升高(P<0.05);且蛇床子散高、低剂量组疗效优于冰柏液组(P<0.05)。结论蛇床子散可有效改善湿疹大鼠皮损,修复湿疹大鼠皮损病理损伤,降低炎症因子水平,其机制可能与抑制IL-4、IL-18、IL-33等炎症因子分泌,促进IFN-γ释放,恢复Th1/Th2失衡有关。

Objective To investigate the effects of Shechuangzi San on Th1/Th2 immune function in eczema rats and analyze its mechanisms in treating eczema.Methods Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,Shechuangzi San high dose group,Shechuangzi San low dose group,and Bingbaiye liquid group,with 10 rats in each group.The rat eczema model was established using 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene.The blank group and model group were topically treated with 0.9%saline,the Shechuangzi San high dose group was topically treated with a decoction of Shechuangzi San at a concentration of 2.32 g·mL^(-1),and the low dose group was topically treated with a decoction of Shechuangzi San at a concentration of 1.16 g·mL^(-1).And the Bingbaiye liquid group was topically treated with the original liquid of Bingbaiye,once in the morning and once in the evening,for a total of 14 days.After the last administration,the skin lesions on the rats′backs were observed and the skin lesion scores were evaluated.The pathological changes of eczema lesions were observed by HE staining,and semi-quantitatively scored.ELISA method was used to detect the levels of IFN-γ,IL-4,IL-18,and IL-33 in rat serum.Flow cytometry was used to determine the Th1/Th2 ratio in the serum.Results Compared to the blank group,the rat skin lesion score in the model group was significantly increased(P<0.05),with a series of skin lesions including edema,erythema,scaling,lichenification appearing on the back.Pathological sections showed excessive keratosis,thickening of cuticular layer,edema of epidermis sponge,infiltration of a large number of inflammatory cells in epidermis,and the semi-quantitative score of skin lesions was significantly increased(P<0.05).Serum levels of IL-4,IL-18,and IL-33 were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the level of IFN-γwas significantly decreased(P<0.05).Serum Th1/Th2 ratio decreased(P<0.05).Compared to the model group,the rat skin lesions in the Shechuangzi San high and low dose groups and the Bingbaiye liquid group were significantly improved(P<0.05),Pathological sections showed that the structure of epidermis was restored to normal,the cuticle became thinner,the spongy edema of epidermis disappeared,epidermal inflammatory cells disappeared,and the semi-quantitative score of skin lesions decreased(P<0.05).Serum levels of IL-4,IL-18,and IL-33 were decreased(P<0.05),while the level of IFN-γwas increased(P<0.05),serum Th1/Th2 ratio increased significantly(P<0.05).and the therapeutic effect of the Shechuangzi San high and low dose groups was superior to that of the Bingbaiye liquid group(P<0.05).Conclusion Shechuangzi San can effectively improve the skin lesions of rats with eczema,repair the pathological damage of skin lesions,and reduce the levels of inflammatory factors.Its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of secretion of inflammatory factors such as IL-4,IL-18,and IL-33,promotion of IFN-γrelease,and restoration of Th1/Th2 imbalance.