吸嗅疗法临床应用文献分析研究

Literature Analysis of Clinical Application of Sniffing Therapy

目的分析中外吸嗅治疗疾病特点,为吸嗅疗法临床应用指南的规范建立提供数据支撑和参考,以期促进吸嗅疗法的多维发展。方法以在中国知网(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,CNKI)、万方数据(Wanfang)、维普中文期刊(VIP)、PubMed数据库、Web of Science(WOS)核心数据库、ScienceDirect(SD)数据库检索到吸嗅治疗的临床研究文献为数据来源,归纳治疗类型、治疗途径、主治病症、药物成分、治疗方式、治疗剂量、时长、频率及周期等。结果共筛选出158篇文献,其中治疗类型以植物精油为主;吸嗅疗法中直接吸嗅为主要治疗途径;辅助工具多用棉花(球)、扩散器等;主治神经系统病症,脑部疾病和情志疾病居多;薰衣草为使用频率最高的药物;药物形式单方应用广泛,常与西药联用;用药时长以30 min常见;临床试验中模糊剂量多为2滴;其用药频率大多为每天2次;疗程以15-30天较多。结论吸嗅疗法应用研究广泛,具有非侵入性、无副作用、操作简单且具有成本效益等特殊优势,但芳香物质的强挥发性和气味辨识的强主观性,加之未有科学统一的客观治疗标准,使其疗效略有差异。因此,在明晰吸嗅疗法特点的基础上,实现规范化、标准化和创新化对其高效发展具有重要意义。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of sniffing therapy in China and abroad,to provide data support and reference for the establishment of clinical application guidelines for sniffing therapy,and to promote the multidimensional development of sniffing therapy.Methods Using the literature on sniffing therapy to retrieve clinical research,which were retrieved from the databases of CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,PubMed,WOS core database,SD as the data sources,we summarized the type of treatment,treatment route,primary disease and Indications,drug composition,treatment mode,treatment dose,duration,frequency and periodicity.Results A total of 158 papers were screened,of which the treatment types were mainly plant essential oils;direct sniffing was the main treatment route in sniffing therapy;auxiliary tools were mostly cotton(balls)or diffusers,etc.;main treatment for neurological disorders,brain disorders and affective disorders were the most common;lavender was the most frequently used drug;drug forms were widely used in single prescriptions,often in combination with western drugs;the duration of drug use was commonly 30 min.The ambiguous dose of clinical trials is mostly 2 drops;its frequency of administration is mostly twice a day;the duration of treatment is more common in 15-30 day.Conclusion Sniffing therapy has been widely studied,with the particular advantages of being non-invasive,free of side effects,simple to operate and cost effective.But the strong volatility of aromatic substances and the subjective nature of odour recognition,coupled with the lack of scientific and unified objective treatment standards,make a slight difference in efficacy.Therefore,based on the clarification of the characteristics of sniffing therapy,standardization and innovation are of great significance to its efficient development.