功能对等理论视角下《伤寒论》和《金匮要略》心系疾病相关名词术语英译研究

Study on the English Translation of Terms Related to Heart Diseases in On cold damage and Essentials of The Golden Cabinet Based on the Functional Equivalence Theory

随着全球化的深入和推进,中医药受到全世界人民的关注。特别是新冠疫情发生以来,中医药全面参与疫情防控救治,取得了显著成效,为全球疫情得到防控提供了中国方案。但因中医术语艰涩难懂、内涵丰富多变、语义深奥等问题,中医翻译困难重重。现有的中医翻译存在不规范、欠准确、不通顺等问题,使得其他国家居民难以理解中医药,严重阻碍了中医药向全世界的传播,故中医药的翻译成为当前亟待解决的关键问题。本文采用功能对等理论对《伤寒论》和《金匮要略》心系疾病相关名词的英译进行了对比分析,分为心血不畅导致的病症相关名词翻译和心神不宁相关症状名词翻译。功能对等理论可以兼顾西方读者的文化语境与思维习惯,准确地向西方学者传达中医典籍的真实含义,有助于规范《伤寒论》和《金匮要略》心系疾病相关名词翻译。本文在充分理解原文的基础上对不同版本的英译进行对比分析,采用既能够表达原文含义,又容易被国外读者理解接受的翻译作为规范。提高全世界对中医的理解与接受,为中医古籍的英译提供翻译理论上的借鉴和可靠的方法学研究手段。

With the deepening and advancement of globalization,Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has attracted the attention of people all over the world.In particular,since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic,TCM has been fully participated in the prevention and treatment and achieved remarkable success,providing Chinese approach for global epidemic prevention and control.However,due to the complexity of TCM terms,rich and varied connotations,profound semantics and so on,TCM translation is fraught with difficulties.There are some problems in the translation of TCM,such as not standardized,inaccurate and unsmooth,which make it difficult for residents of other countries to understand TCM and seriously hinder the spread of TCM to the world.Therefore,the translation of TCM has become a key problem to be solved urgently.Based on the functional equivalence theory,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the English translations of the terms related to heart diseases in On cold damage and Essentials of The Golden Cabinet,which can be divided into the translation of the terms related to heart diseases caused by poor blood circulation or dysphoria of the heart.The theory of functional equivalence can take into account the cultural context and thinking habits of western readers,accurately convey the true meaning of TCM classics to western scholars,and help to standardize the translation of terms related to heart diseases in On cold damage and Essentials of The Golden Cabinet.On the basis of a full understanding of the original text,this paper makes a comparative analysis of different versions of English translation,and adopts a translation that can not only express the meaning of the original text,but also be easily understood and accepted by foreign readers as the norm.To improve the understanding and acceptance of TCM in the world,and to provide theoretical reference and reliable methodological research means for the translation of ancient TCM books into English.