寒湿证动物模型的研究现状与评述

Research Status and Review of Animal Models of Cold-dampness Syndrome

寒湿证泛指因寒湿邪犯肌表、络脉、筋骨,或阴寒凝滞于脏腑经络所引起,以寒湿合邪等相应征象为特征的一类证候。为了探究寒湿证发病本质,现代学者建立了一系列具有特色的寒湿证动物模型。本文将寒湿证的动物模型分为中医证候动物模型(寒饮蕴肺证、寒湿困脾证、阴黄证)和病证结合动物模型(类风湿关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、原发性痛经、新型冠状病毒肺炎)。中医证候模型的造模方法多根据中医的病因学以寒湿环境为基础或复合苦寒泻下、饮食不节、劳则耗气等因素进行造模,模型的稳定性和代表性相对西医的病理模型较薄弱,而病证结合动物模型更加符合临床实际。关于模型的评价多采用动物的宏观体征、微观指标、及反证方剂来验证模型是否成功。本文旨在对寒湿证动物模型的造模方法及模型评价方法做出分析与探讨。

Cold-dampness syndrome generally refers to a type of syndrome that is caused by cold-dampness evil invading the muscle surface,collaterals,muscles and bones,or yin-cold stagnation in the viscera and meridian,and it is characterized by cold-dampness combined with evil and other corresponding signs.In order to explore the nature of cold-dampness syndrome,modern scholars have established a series of characteristic animal models of cold-dampness syndrome.This article divided the animal models of cold-dampness syndrome into animal models of TCM syndromes(cold drink accumulating lung syndrome,cold-dampness trapping spleen syndrome,yin jaundice syndrome)and disease-syndrome animal models(rheumatoid arthritis,ankylosing spondylitis,original Dysmenorrhea,new coronavirus pneumonia).The modeling methods of TCM syndrome models are mostly based on the etiology of TCM based on cold and humid environment or composite multiple factors.The stability and representativeness of the model are relatively weak compared with the pathological model of Western medicine,and the animal model is combined with disease and syndrome,which is more in line with clinical reality.Regarding the evaluation of the model,the animal′s macroscopic signs,microscopic indicators,and disproving prescriptions are often used to verify the success of the model.The purpose of this article is to analyze and discuss the modeling methods and model evaluation methods of animal models of colddampness syndrome.