针灸学教材中行针手法来历考证

Exploration on the Origin of Needle Manipulation Techniques Described in Textbooks of Acupuncture and Moxibustion

行针手法是针灸学教材中的重要组成部分,分为基本手法和辅助手法。但60年代前并无行针手法的定义及这样的分类方式。且两类手法风格存在较大差异,提示可能存在不同来源。本文通过梳理历代文献,旨在探寻主辅分类的原因及二者的来源。发现基本手法的直接来源是"雀啄术"和"旋撚术",辅助手法来源是中国传统手法。且60年代后开始出现行针手法的分类。现代教材中行针手法的分类正是国际交流的结果,体现了不同流派互相交流和融合。

Needle manipulation is an important part of the textbook of acupuncture and moxibustion and is classified into the fundamental manipulation and the supplementary manipulation.However,before the 1960 s there was no definition of needle manipulation and no such classification and there are significant differences in the styles of the two types of needle manipulation,suggesting that different sources may exist.By combing the literatures of the past generations,this paper aims to explore the reasons for the fundamental-supplementary classification and the origin of both.It is found that the direct source of the fundamental manipulation come directly from"sparrow-pecking method"and"rotatory needling method",and the supplementary manipulation is from traditional Chinese methods.And after the60′s,the classification of needle manipulation come to appear.The classification of the needle manipulation techniques in modern textbooks is the result of international communication,representing the fusion and communication of different schools.