方言多样性、团队合作与中国企业出口

Dialectal Diversity,Teamwork and Exports of Chinese Firms

本文在异质性贸易理论框架中引入方言多样性与团队合作,建立了方言多样性与出口二元边际之间的理论关系。理论模型认为方言将成为企业团队成员的社会认同符号并催生小团体问题,方言多样性将提升团队合作成本从而损害出口二元边际。本文通过构建广义双重差分模型,采用中国方言统计数据、中国工业企业数据库与美国职业信息网数据库数据,识别了方言多样性对中国企业出口二元边际影响的团队合作机制。结果表明,方言多样性显著降低了企业出口二元边际,其负效应随着行业团队合作密集度的增加而不断提高,团队合作机制是方言多样性抑制企业出口的重要渠道。这一结果在考虑变量测度、内生性问题,并排除其他机制影响后仍然稳健。

This paper draws dialectal diversity and teamwork into the heterogeneous corporate trade model and establishes a theoretical relationship between dialectal diversity and dual margins of corporate exports.According to the theoretical model,dialects will become a symbol of social identity among members of corporate teams and create problems in sub-groups.Dialectal diversity will increase the cost of teamwork and thus damage corporate exports.Combining data from Chinese dialect statistics,Chinese industrial enterprises and the O*NET database,the paper constructs a generalised difference-in-differences model to identify the teamwork mechanism by which dialectal diversity influences corporate exports.The results show that dialectal diversity induces significantly negative effects on the dual margins of Chinese corporate exports,and that these effects are more pronounced in industries with higher teamwork intensity.The teamwork mechanism is therefore an important channel of dialectal diversity to inhibit corporate exports.After considering bias in variable measurement,endogenous issues and excluding the influence of other types of mechanisms,the conclusions remain robust,thereby supporting the theoretical hypothesis.