汉语真的难学吗——汉语国际形象研究

Is Chinese Really Hard to Learn?A Study of the International Image of Chinese

"汉语难学"的言论在国内外流传甚广,但缺乏针对这一问题的深入研究。本文在已有研究的基础上,首次从语言复杂性角度阐释了"汉语难学"的含义以及语言复杂性的评估方法,认为目前评估方法主要存在显性与隐性、总体与局部、可操作性与科学性三对矛盾。此外,对汉语二语学习者的汉语形象调查发现,"汉语难学"作为一种负面语言形象是存在的,普通大众、新闻媒体对该形象的形成与传播起到一定的推动作用。最后,本文根据汉语国际形象现状和问题,从声望规划的角度对汉语国际形象的修复提出了建议,以期提升汉语的国际地位和影响力。

The saying that"Chinese is hard to learn"is widely circulated in China and abroad,but there is a lack of in-depth research on this issue,Based on existing research,this paper explains for the first time the meaning of"Chinese is hard to learn"and the way to assess the complexity of language from the perspective of linguistic complexity.It is argued that there are three contradictions in the current assessments:explicit vs.implicit,global vs.local,and operable vs.scientific.In addition,a survey on the image of Chinese for the learners of Chinese as a second language has found that"Chinese is hard to learn"exists as a negative language image,and that the general public and the news media play a certain role in promoting the formation and dissemination of this image.Based on the status quo and the problems of the international image of Chinese,this paper makes suggestions for the restoration of the international image of Chinese from the perspective of prestige planning,with a view to improving the international status and influence of Chinese.