留学生识字量表编制研究

The Creation and Validation of a Hanzi Recognition Size Test for Learners of Chinese as a Second Language

汉字是留学生学习汉语的重点和难点之一,识字量是汉语水平的重要标志,常用于教学和研究中,但学界缺乏广泛认可的识字量表。本研究介绍了留学生识字量表的编制过程。识字量表依据的字库是《汉语国际教育用音节汉字词汇等级划分》中的3000字。基于"难度分层、字频分组、按类抽取、平衡信息"的原则,共选取100个测试用字。受试者是318名具有不同母语文字背景和不同汉语水平的留学生。基于测量理论和实证研究的分析结果显示,留学生识字量表的信度和效度良好,能较为准确地反映留学生的识字量。

Hanzi is one of the most important and difficult parts for learners of Chinese as a second language(CSL).Hanzi recognition size is the number of hanzi an individual knows,and it could be used to indicate a learner’s Chinese proficiency level to some extent for teaching and research purposes.However,there is no widely-accepted hanzi recognition size test yet.This study,therefore,aims to develop and validate a hanzi recognition size test.The test includes 100 hanzi,which were systematically selected from The Graded Chinese Syllables,Characters and Words for the Application of Teaching Chinese to the Speakers of Other Languages and were balanced in orthographic characteristics and frequency.The participants were 318 adult CSL learners at universities,with different L1 backgrounds and at different proficiency levels.The data were analysed using methods guided by the Classical Test Theory and the Item Response Theory.The overall results suggest that the hanzi recognition size test is valid in tapping CSL learners’hanzi recognition skills and can be applied to hanzi teaching and learning,as well as hanzi acquisition research.