汉语“N_(A)的N_(P)+V得AP”构式研究

Research on Chinese Construction“N_(A)de N_(P)+V de AP”

本文主要分析了"他的老师当得好"这类"NA的NP+V得AP"构式与相关构式(动词拷贝句、主谓谓语句)的异同、使用动因及其语义识解、编码问题。"N1的N2"构式都有事件隐含,"N1的N2"在"NA的NP+V得AP"中的使用产生了减少或转变事件义的结果。"NA的NP+V得AP"与相关构式在话题结构、话语功能方面存在不同;领属标志"的"提高了指称事件的指别度与可及度,有利于听话人的语义识解。"NA的NP"的心理扫描经历了"参照体-目标构式""内显性总体扫描"两个过程,"NA的NP+V得AP"的语义识解是一种自上而下与自下而上相结合的动态语义识解模式。最后支持并进一步阐释了类推糅合机制在"NA的NP+V得AP"编码中的作用。

This paper addresses some issues about the"NA de(的)NP+V de(得)AP"construction(e.g.,ta de laoshi dang de hao),such as its relation to the relevant constructions(verb-copying construction and S-P predicate construction),its usage motivation,meaning construal and encoding mechanism.It is firstly pointed out that all"N1 de N2"constructions convey implicit events.The use of"N1 de N2"in"NA de NP+V de AP"leads to reduced or transformed meaning of the events."NA de NP+V de AP"differs from the relevant constructions in topic structure and discourse function.The genitive marker de increases the accessibility and demonstrativeness of the referential event,which is helpful for the listener to construe the semantic meaning.The mental scanning of"NA de NP"has experienced the processes of reference-point construction and inner-display summary scanning,and the meaning construal of"NA de NP+V de AP"is a combined mode of both top-down and bottom-up dynamic meaning construal.Finally,the paper expounds how the analogy and blending mechanisms work in the encoding of"NA de NP+V de AP".