铸造车间有害空气污染物测试与分析

Test and Analysis of Harmful Air Pollutants in Casting Workshop

铸造车间有害空气污染物来源广泛,产生于铸造生产的各个工序,包括熔炼、加料混砂、造型(制芯)、浇注落砂、抛丸清理等每个环节,其中,除熔炼工段外,主要与所用的造型(制芯)材料有关。本文主要研究煤粉湿型砂铸造车间的有害空气污染物,先在实验室对煤粉湿型砂进行差热-热重分析,再在某铸造车间的造型浇注的位置安装在线监测终端U-LIFE200,进行型砂在浇注时所产生的有害空气污染物的检测分析。结果表明,煤粉湿型砂在400~800℃整体失重约5%;浇注后车间内颗粒物浓度以及主要有害气体浓度均超出国家规定限值。

The sources of harmful air pollutants in casting workshops are extensive. The harmful air pollutants are produced in various processes of casting production including smelting, adding materials and mixing sand, molding(core making), pouring and shakeout, shot blasting cleaning. In addition to the smelting section, they are mainly related to the molding(core making) materials. The harmful air pollutants were mainly studied in the pulverized coal green sand casting workshop. Firstly, differential thermal-thermogravimetric analysis of pulverized coal green sand was carried out in laboratory.Then, the online monitoring terminal U-LIFE200 was installed at the position of moulding and casting in a certain casting workshop for the detection and analysis of harmful air pollutants caused by molding sand during pouring. The results show that, the overall weight loss of pulverized coal green sand is about 5% during 400-800℃. The concentration of particulates and major harmful gases exceeded the China’s national limits after pouring in the foundry workshop.