铝合金搅拌摩擦焊的研究现状

Research Status on Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Alloy

铝合金具有比强度高、塑性好,良好的耐蚀性和成形加工性等优点,被广泛应用于航空航天、船舶、轨道交通、汽车、兵器工业等领域。在铝合金构件的成型过程中,材料的连接是重要的加工环节。采用传统焊接工艺易形成气孔和发生变形,影响铝合金构件的服役安全。摩擦搅拌焊技术可以实现铝合金的有效、可靠连接,获得的接头平整、残余应力低、力学性能优良,构件变形小。本文综述了铝合金同种及异种材料的摩擦搅拌焊研究现状。

Because of high specific strength, good plasticity, excellent corrosion resistance and formability, aluminum alloys have been extensively used in various industrial fields such as aerospace, shipping, rail transit, automobile and ordnance. The joining of materials is an important step during the forming process of aluminum alloy components. However,traditional fusion welding might lead to the occurrence of pinhole and deformation, which further affects the safety of the aluminum alloy components in service. Friction stir welding(FSW) technology is able to realize the effective and reliable connection of aluminum alloy materials. The FSW can produce smooth welded joint with low residual stress, promising mechanical properties and without obvious deformation. The research status of FSW process of aluminum alloys between homogeneous and dissimilar materials was reviewed.