金属铪的制备和精炼

Preparation and Refining of Metal Hafnium

金属铪在军工、核能领域有着其独特的理化性质,受到各国科学家的青睐。介绍了热还原法、熔盐电沉积、电脱氧法制备金属铪,利用熔盐精炼法、碘化精炼法、氢化脱氢法、电子束熔炼法、电子束悬浮区熔炼法精炼铪。在未来,用钙做还原剂和新型电脱氧制备海绵铪有很好的发展前景,而在实际生产中要想得到高纯金属铪需要多种精炼工艺配合使用。

Metal hafnium has its unique physical and chemical properties in the military and nuclear energy fields and is favored by scientists from all over the world.The thermal reduction method,molten salt electro-deposition,electrodeoxidation method for the preparation of metal hafnium were described,and the hafnium was refined by the molten salt refining method,iodination refining method,hydrogenation dehydrogenation method,electron beam melting method,electron beam suspended zone refining method.In the future,the preparation of sponge hafnium with calcium as reducing agent and new electro-deoxidation has good prospect.In order to obtain high purity metal hafnium in practical production,various refining processes need to be used together.