比较不同喂养方式对早产儿体格发育的影响

Comparing the Effects of Different Feeding Methods on the Physical Development of Premature Infants

目的分析比较不同喂养方式对早产儿体格发育的影响。方法收集2016年1月—2018年12月内就该院新生儿科75例早产儿为对象。基于家属意愿,按照不同喂养方式,均分为A、B、C 3组,每组25例。A组运用单纯母乳喂养;B组给予母乳联合强化剂喂养;C组则给予出院后配方奶喂养。对比3组至矫正胎龄3个月体格发育指标。结果矫正胎龄3个月测量,B组体质量(6.02±1.42)kg、身长﹙59.83±2.85)cm、头围﹙38.15±1.63)cm;C组体质量(5.98±1.41)kg、身长﹙60.04±2.93)cm、头围﹙38.18±1.65)cm体格发育均明显优于A组体质量(5.16±1.27)kg、身长﹙53.13±2.27)cm、头围﹙35.52±1.52)cm(B组与A组相比:t=3.028、11.754、8.067;C组与A组对比:t=2.908、11.792、8.061)。经3次随访测量,B组日均体质量增长值(28.99±1.51)g/d、周均身长增长值﹙0.81±0.04)cm/周、周均头围增长值﹙0.61±0.05)cm/周;C组日均体质量增长值(26.01±1.43)g/d、周均身长增长值﹙0.79±0.05)cm/周、周均头围增长值﹙0.62±0.05)cm/周,早产儿体格发育增长值均显著高于A组日均体质量增长值(17.11±1.38)g/d、周均身长增长值﹙0.63±0.03)cm/周、周均头围增长值﹙0.42±0.03)cm/周(B组与A组相比:t=39.338、22.500、19.000;C组与A组相比:t=31.119、16.000、20.000),各项对比结果差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对早产儿的喂养方式中,母乳联合强化剂喂养及出院后配方奶喂养更能有效提高早产儿的体格发育。

Objective To analyze the effects of different feeding methods on the physical development of premature infants.Methods A total of 75 premature infants in the neonatology department of the hospital were collected from January 2016 to December 2018.Based on the will of the family members,according to different feeding methods,they are divided into three groups:A,B,and C,with25 cases in each group.Group A was exclusively breastfed;group B was given breast milk combined with intensive supplements;group C was given formula after feeding.Compare the three groups to the corrected gestational age of March physical development indicators.Results Measured at 3 months of corrected gestational age,group B body weight(6.02±1.42)kg,body length(59.83±2.85)cm,head circumference(38.15±1.63)cm;group C body weight(5.98±1.41)kg,length(60.04±2.93)cm,head circumference(38.18±1.65)cm physical development was significantly better than group A body weight(5.16±1.27)kg,body length(53.13±2.27)cm,head circumference(35.52±1.52)cm(B and A Comparison of groups:t=3.028,11.754,8.066;comparison between group C and group A:t=2.908,11.792,8.061).after three follow-up measurements,the average daily weight gain of group B(28.99±1.51)g/d,Average weekly length increase value(0.81±0.04)cm/week,average weekly head circumference increase value(0.61±0.05)cm/week;average daily body mass increase value of group C(26.01±1.43)g/d,average weekly length increase)Value(0.79±0.05)cm/week and weekly average head circumference growth value(0.62±0.05)cm/week premature infants’physical growth and growth values were significantly higher than the daily average body weight growth value of group A(17.11±1.38)g/d,Weekly average length increase value(0.63±0.03)cm/week,weekly average head circumference increase value(0.42±0.03)cm/week(compared to group A:t=39.338,22.500,19.000;phase C and group A are similar Ratio:t=31.119,16.000,20.000),the difference of the comparison results was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion In the feeding methods of premature infants,breast milk combined with intensive feeding and post-discharge formula feeding can effectively improve the physical development of premature infants.