中国公共医疗服务质量及其影响因素研究——基于2011-2018年省际面板数据的实证分析

Study on the Quality of Public Healthcare Services and Its Influencing Factors in China——An Empirical Analysis Based on Inter-provincial Panel Data from 2011-2018

自疫情爆发以来,公众对公共医疗服务质量的关注度再次增强。本文运用面板数据分析法,基于理论文献构建公共医疗服务质量影响因素摸型,以2011-2018年31个省份面板数据为样本实证研究中国公共医疗服务质量及其影响因素,研究发现中国公共医疗服务质量省际、区域差异显著。公共医疗服务质量的影响因素包括控制变量、政府投入和医疗产出3个层面,各影响因素的重要性不同,其中城镇化率、人均GDP、出生率、卫生费用、城镇医保支出、资助医保支出、床位数、具有显著的正向效应。据此,本文在优化财政支出结构、优化产业结构、建立健全医疗保障制度和改善公共医疗服务质量评估体系四个层面提出相应政策建议。

Since the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic,there is growing concern about the quality of public healthcare services.This paper uses the panel data analysis method to construct a mapping of the influencing factors of public healthcare service quality based on the theoretical literature,and empirically studies the quality of public healthcare services and its influencing factors in China with a sample of 31 provinces’panel data from 2011 to 2018.It is found that the inter-provincial and regional differences in the quality of public healthcare services in China are significant.The factors influencing the quality of public healthcare services include three levels:control variables,government inputs and healthcare outputs,and the importance of each influencing factor varies,with urbanization rate,GDP per capita,birth rate,health expenditure,urban health insurance expenditure,subsidized health insurance expenditure,number of beds,having significant positive effects.Accordingly,this paper puts forward corresponding policy recommendations at four levels:optimizing the structure of fiscal expenditure,improving the industrial structure,establishing a sound medical insurance system and improving the quality assessment system of public healthcare services.