价值论视域下荀子现实主义教化观研究——教化的道德与政治二重维度及其紧张

On Xunzi's Realistic Cultivation View from the Perspective of Axiology:The Double Dimension of Moral and Political Cultivation and Its Tension

荀子教化观念是孔孟“教”与“化”的统合,其内蕴政治与道德的二重维度具有明确的政治指向,呈现出现实主义特征。荀子从主体间关系出发,主张通过理性构建普遍道德规范,以求政治秩序的实现。其本质是基于个体差异形成政治秩序格局,在此基础上衍生出道德教化等价值主张,可归结为一种经验主义价值论。但圣人、师者教化的政治秩序实现路径关闭了个人积学通道的可能,使个体实现从自为到理性自觉的一般需求,与基于政治差序格局的道德教化等价值导向之间存在内在紧张。从差序政治的经验价值之域重返本真生存状态的整体之域,使个体一般价值需求与社会价值导向交互展开,自我教化才得以可能。

Xunzi's concept of Cultivation is a combination of Confucius and Mencius’“Jiao”and“Hua”.Its dual dimensions of politics and morality have clear political direction and realistic characteristics.Starting from the inter subject relationship,Xunzi advocated the const ruction of universal moral norms through rationality in order to realize the political order.Its essence is to form a political order pattern based on individual differences,and on this basis derive value propositions such as moral Cultivation,which can be summed up as an empirical value theory.However,the realization path of the political order of saints and teachers has closed the possibility of personal's passage of seeking knowledge,so that there is an inherent tension between the general needs of individuals to realize from self to rational consciousness and the value orientation of moral Cultivation based on the pattern of political difference.From the field of experience value of differential politics back to the whole field of the real existence state,so that the individual's general value needs and social value orientation can interact,and self Cultivation can be possible.