“理”与时间——试论冯友兰的时间之思

Universal and Time

冯友兰以“别共殊”为基本视角思考“时间”,主张“共相”是超时间的,只有“殊相”在时间中;时间之“共相”即事与事之间各类关系之“共类”。他认为工业革命是中西文化由古代走向现代的“共相”,也是中国的“现在”之事。冯友兰对“中国时间”的探讨,既有哲学的思辨性、超越性,又兼具强烈的现实性、时代感。

Fung Yu-Lan thinks about“time”from the basic perspective of“universal and particular”.He maintains that universals transcend time,and only particulars are in time.The universal of time is commonness of all kinds of relations between events.In his opinion,the Industrial Revolution is the universal of Chinese and Western cultures from ancient times to modern times,and is also the“present”of China.Fung's discussion of Chinese time is both philosophical and transcendent,and has a strong sense of reality and modern.