《论题篇》在亚里士多德范畴理论中的逻辑起点地位

The Position of the Thesis as the Logical Starting Point in Aristotle’s Category Theory

“范畴”是亚里士多德逻辑学说的重要内容,同时作为传统逻辑的重要组成部分,亚里士多德的“范畴”概念及其相关理论一直受到不断的质问和挑战。亚里士多德《论题篇》对“范畴”的讨论在其范畴理论体系中具有重要地位,但一直未受到应有的重视。以弗雷德的相关论证为起点和指引,通过对《论题篇》中的■这一概念加以分析可以发现,■具有“谓词”内涵,而这十个谓词就是我们所熟知的亚里士多德的十个范畴。进而基于《形而上学》Δ7的相关讨论,可以确定■的“诸范畴”这一内涵不仅指涉谓述类型,而且指涉存在类型,这就为《范畴篇》和《形而上学》对范畴和实体的讨论奠定了基础。因此,亚里士多德正是从《论题篇》出发开启了他的范畴理论体系,《论题篇》作为亚里士多德范畴理论体系的逻辑起点地位应当受到重视。

As an important part of Aristotle’s and traditional logic theory,Aristotle’s concept of category and its related theories have been constantly questioned and challenged.The discussion of category in Aristotle’s Topics plays an important role in his category theory system,but it has not received due attention.Taking Frede’s relevant argumentation as the starting point and guidance,the analysis of■in the Topics shows that■has the connotation of“predicate”,and these ten predicates are the ten categories of Aristotle.Then based on MetaphysicsΔ7,the connotation of■as“categories”can be determined that it refers not only to the type of predicate,but also to the type of existence,which lays a foundation for the discussion of categories and entities in Categoryand Metaphysics.Therefore,Aristotle started his category theory system from the Topics,which should be paid attention to as the logical starting point of Aristotle’s category theory system.