儒耶异同与道一教殊:从“天下时代”解读《天主实义》

The Dissimilarities between Confucianism and Christianity and“One-Dao-Diverse-Civilizations”:An Interpretation of the Ture Meaning of God according to“the Ecumenic Age”

天下时代的以色列、希腊与中国发生了平行的精神突破。虽然他们都发现了普遍人性朝神性实在运动这一生存真理,但以色列的灵性启示最具超越性,而中国的德性启示因其宇宙论风格而被认作“不完全的突破”。“灵魂”与“天堂”作为表达生存真理的教条式符号,在以利玛窦为代表的儒耶文明交流中引发了教条之争。“万物一体”宇宙观、“以气为神”灵魂观、“善应登天”天堂观、“基督人鬼”上帝观等争论,彰显出道(神性实在)一而教(启示模式与教化传统)殊的人类历史现实。在作为神显之流的历史中,真正重要的是对实在的无尽体验而非执着于任何教条。这是从“天下时代”解读《天主实义》所带给我们的审视文明互动的历史哲学视域。

In Ecumenic Age,the spiritual outbursts have happened in Israel and Hellas and China at the same time.Although they both have discovered the existential truth about that the universal humanity moves toward the divine reality,the pneumatic revelation of Judaism-Christianity is most thorough while the moral revelation of Confucianism has been called“the Incomplete Breakthrough”because of it’s cosmological style.“Soul”and“Heaven”become a kind of symbolism of doctrinal truth and have caused Dogmatomachy in the inter-civilization exchanges between Confucianism and Christianity represented by Matteo Ricci.The arguments about cosmos,soul,heaven and God show this human history fact about that the one reality(Dao)exists in different human revelation patterns and civilizations.In the historical theophanic turbulence,the real important thing is the experience of reality rather than Dogmatomachy.According to“the Ecumenic Age”,there is an angle of historical philosophy which interprets“the Ture Meaning of God”as an example of civilization interaction.