格义与反向格义:文化融合的两条进路

Geyi and Reverse Geyi:Two Approaches to Cultural Integration

格义与反向格义有广狭两义,狭义的特指中国本土文化与外来文化之间的对应融合,广义的可以是任何文化之间的对应融合。一直以来学界的研究大都停留在狭义上,没有走出哲学的范畴。其实,从广义的角度理解,可以将格义和反向格义看作是中国文化发展的两个传统:以格义为主导的古典传统,即格义传统,以及以反向格义为主导的现代传统,即反向格义传统。前者使古代中国创造了灿烂的文明,后者则成为近代以来的社会发展主流。日本、韩国正是乘着反向格义的东风,迅速完成现代化转型,中国却在古典和现代的交织中,探寻着现代化的转型之路。中西文化融合,究竟是走格义之路还是走反向格义之路,是一个值得深思的问题。

Geyi and reverse geyi have two meanings of broad and narrow,the narrow sense refers to the corresponding fusion between Chinese local culture and foreign culture,the broad sense can be the corresponding fusion between any culture.Since then,most academic researches have remained in the narrow sense,without stepping out of the category of philosophy.In fact,from a broad perspective,geyi and reverse geyi can be regarded as two traditions of Chinese cultural development:the classical tradition dominated by geyi created a brilliant civilization in ancient China,while the modern tradition represented by reverse geyi has gradually become the mainstream since modern times.Japan and South Korea,taking advantage of the east wind,quickly completed the modernization transformation,while China,in the interweaving of classical and modern,explored the road of modernization transformation.Whether the integration of Chinese and western cultures should follow the path of geyi or the other way is worth pondering.