论知识产权法定主义存在的缺陷及其克服

On the Defects of the Legalism of Intellectual Property and Overcoming It

坚持知识产权法定主义有其重要意义。但是,洛克劳动财产理论的固有缺陷并不能导致法定主义的产生,知识产品并不具有公共物品的属性,对知识产品的持有也并非不正义;此外,法定主义可能导致立法成本高昂和效率低下,坚持严格的法定主义还可能面临诸多法律技术难题。因此,应当秉持功利主义与劳动财产理论并行的知识产权观,坚持开放式的法定主义和侵权的非限定构成,从而为自由裁量权留有余地并鼓励出现新的知识产品权利类型。

Adhering to the legal principle of intellectual property rights has its great significance.However,the inherent flaws of Locke’s labor theory do not lead to the emergence of legalism.Knowledge products do not have the attributes of public goods,and the holding of knowledge products is not unjust.In addition,legalism may lead to high legislative costs and inefficiency.Adhering to strict legalism may also face many legal and technical problems.Therefore,we should uphold the concept of intellectual property rights that parallels utilitarianism and labor property theory,adhere to the open-ended legalism and the indefinitive constitution of infringement,thereby leaving room for discretion and encouraging the appearance of new types of knowledge product rights.