青年医护人员工作压力、应对方式与心理健康影响的研究

Study on influence of work stress and coping style on psychological health of young medical staff

目的:了解当今医院青年医护人员工作压力、应对方式和心理健康水平,探究相关的影响因素,为提高青年医护人员的心理健康水平提供数据支撑,并提出相应的对策和建议。方法:采用工作压力量表、应对方式量表和症状自评量表(SCL-90),对某三甲中医医院194名青年医护人员进行问卷调查。采用描述性统计、相关分析和多元回归分析等方法,获得影响心理健康水平的因素。结果:青年医护人员总体工作压力平均(88.79±16.05)分,分值最高的维度依次为工作负荷、外部环境。应对方式平均(88.79±16.05)分,分值最高的维度依次为解决问题、求助。心理健康状况平均(143.95±11.86)分,主要表现为强迫、人际关系敏感。工作压力中的工作负荷、职业发展、人际关系和应对方式中的自责与心理健康水平呈正相关。工作压力中的工作负荷、职业发展、人际关系,应对方式中的自责和退避对SCL-90均存在显著正向预测力,解决问题对SCL-90存在显著负向预测力。结论:青年医护人员工作压力大,可以通过从工作负荷、外部环境和人际关系中减少工作压力,引导培养青年医护人员采取成熟型应对方式以促进青年医务人员的心理健康。

Objective:To learn more about work stress,coping style and psychological health level of young medical staff in a Grade A tertiary hospital,explore related influencing factors,provide data support for improving the psychological health level of young medical staff,and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.Methods:194 young medical staff in a Grade A tertiary hospital of traditional Chinese medicine were investigated by work stress scale,coping style scale and symptom checklist.Descriptive statistics,correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to obtain the factors affecting psychological health level.Results:the average score of work stress of all the young medical staff was(88.79±16.05),and the dimensions with the highest score were workload and external environment.The average score of coping style was(88.79±16.05),and the dimensions with the highest score were problem solving and help seeking.The average score of psychological health was(143.95±11.86),mainly manifested as compulsion and interpersonal sensitivity.Workload,career development,interpersonal relationship in work stress and self-blame in coping style are positively correlated with psychological health level.Workload,career development,interpersonal relationship in work stress,self-blame and avoidance in coping style have significant positive predictive effect on SCL-90,while problem solving has significant negative predictive effect on SCL-90.Conclusion:young medical staff are under great work pressure.Work stress can be relieved from workload,external environment and interpersonal relationship;young medical staff can be guided and trained to adopt mature coping styles to promote the psychological health of young medical staff.