厌氧菌的药敏试验和治疗选择

THE SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS AND ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY OF ANAEROBES

本文报道用微量稀释法和纸片扩散法测定66株厌氧菌对一些常用抗菌药物的体外敏感性。这些菌株于1980~1981年间分离自上海第一医学院各附属医院的临床标本。实验表明,灭滴灵和氯霉素对所有菌株有效;氯林可霉素对大多数厌氧菌的抗菌活力强于林可霉素;66.7%(20/30株)的脆弱类杆菌对青霉素耐药,但同批菌株中95.5%(29株/30)对羧苄青霉素敏感;半数以上的厌氧菌耐四环素;除革兰氏阳性厌氧球菌外,红霉素对大多数厌氧菌的效果也不理想。实验还表明,肉汤微量稀释法用于厌氧菌药敏测定,是一种有效、经济、可行的方法。

Microdilution and disc diffusion techniques were used to determine the susceptibility patterns of 66 anaerobes to some commonly used antimicrobial agents. The strains were isolated from the specimens of bile, pus, pleural fluid, ascitie fluid and vaginal secretion during 1980—1981. It was shown that metronidazole and chloramphenical were the most effective agents against all strains tested. Clindamycin was more active than lincomycin for most anaerobes. 66.7% of B fragilis tested were resistent to penicillin but 95.5% of the same strain were inhibited by carbenicillin. Resistance to tetracycline was found in more than half of anaerobia isolates. Erythromycin was inactive for most strains except for gram-positive anaerobic cocci. It was also shown that microdilution technique is an efficient, economical and practical method for susceptibility testing of anaerobic organisms.