B型超声仪测定胎盘成熟度的临床初步应用

EVALUATION OF PLACENTAL MATURITY BY B SCAN ULTRASONIC TECHNIQUE AND ITS CLINICAL APPLICATIONS

本文对259例孕妇在不同孕周,用B型超声仪测定胎盘成熟度415人次。发现随着孕周的增长,正常孕妇的胎盘有相应的发育成熟变化。按胎盘的成熟程度,可分为0~Ⅱ度。当胎盘达Ⅰ或Ⅱ度时,娩出的新生儿基本上已成熱,胎盘成熟度与胎儿成熟度之间密切相关。根据110例胎盘病理检查和90例胎盘X线摄片结果,发现眙盘成熟过程中超声显象的特征性改变是由于胎盘组织内钙质沉积的逐渐增加及进入胎盘小叶的母体动脉射流的逐渐增强所产生的。在孕毒症等异常妊娠时,胎盘钙化程度增加,超声检查时显示有提早成熟的倾向。临床上可通过B型超声检查测定胎盘成熟度,用以纠正胎龄,判定胎儿成熟度和胎盘功能状态,以监护高危妊娠,决定适宜的分娩时间和分娩方式。

Of 259 pregnant women,the placental maturity in different weeks of gestation were studied with B scan ultrasonic apparatus.It was found that according to the tiegree of maturity,placentas may be graded from O to IⅢ.When the placentas reachedⅡorⅢgrade,the newborn babies were matured.Compared with the result of pathological examinations of placentas in 110 cases and radiographic examination of placentas in 90 cases,we have found that the ultrasonic features of the maturing placentas were characterized by the gradual deposition of calcium in the placental tissue and the incerasing maternal arterial jet entering into the placental cotyledons.By evaluating the placental maturity,we can check the fetal age,identify the fetal maturity and the functional status of placenta,so that we are able to monitor high risk pregnancy and to select the optimal time and preferable mode for termination of pregnancy.