小儿氨水中毒临床观察

A CLINICAL OBSERVATION OF AMMONIA INTOXICATION

我院12例小儿氨水中毒的主要临床表现为不同程度的呼吸道梗阻,急性肺水肿以及眼睛、皮肤烧灼伤。根据症状的轻重,可分为轻型2例,重型6例,极重型4例。1例于入院次日死于急性肺出血,呼吸循环衰竭,其余11例均痊愈出院。追踪随访1~5年,完全正常6人,慢性咳嗽2人,视力减退3人。抢救成功的关键是积极防治喉梗阻及肺水肿。为防止眼面部后遗症,亦应尽快处理被污染及灼伤的眼面部。

Twelve children below 6 years of age were intoxicated by ammonia solution,a nitrogen containing fertilizer.Their main clinical manifestations were respiratory tract stenosis,pulmonary edema and burn of eyes and skin.The symptoms were mild in 2 cases,severe in 6 cases and very severe in 4 cases.One died of acute pulmonary hemorrhage and circulatory failure the second day after admission and the other 11 cases were cured.All the cases were followed up,one for 1 yr and the rest over 3 yr,the sequelae found were chronic cough(2 cases)and sight insufficiency(3 cases).Treatment should mainly be directed towards laryngeal obstruction and pulmonary edema.Large dose of steroids is of value.The contaminated eyes should be treated early and energetically.