苯对白细胞毒性作用的研究

TOXIC EFFECTS OF BENZENE ON LEUCOCYTES

苯为造血系统毒物,慢性苯中毒可见血细胞再生障碍[1],其中以白细胞减少最为多见。但是苯对白细胞质的变化,迄今文献报道尚少。我们自1972年以来曾从粒细胞退行性变、硷性磷酸酶活性和吖啶橙荧光染色等不同方面观察苯对白细胞的毒性作用.

In patients with chronic benzene poisoning and workers with history of chronic benzene exposure,Arneth count and toxic granulation of neutrophiles,leuoocytio alkaline phosphatase activity and acridine orange fluoresecent stain of lymphocytes were examined with normal persons as control.By means of neutrophilic lobe count,a slight"shift to left"was noted in both poisoning and exposure groups,Since the average numbers of leucocytes in both groups were lower than the normal,the"shift to left"could be considered as degeneration in nature.The toxic granule counts in the cytoplasm of neutrophiles in poisoning and exposure groups were both statistically significantly higher than those of the control,this indicated that benzene and its metabolites were responsible for the neutrophilic immaturity.The activity of leucooytio alkaline phosphatase(LAP)was determined by p-nitrophenol phosphate,a biochemical method.The activity of LAP in poisoning and exposure groups was definitely higher than those of the control.A correlation between leucocyte count and activity of LAP hadn’t been proved,but the latter was certainly less active in the intoxicated patients than those of exposure workers.Since LAP played an important part in the phagooytic action of leucocytes,its activity was regarded as defensive reaction of the organism.It was also suggested that in contact with benzene,the function of pituitary-adrenal system was temporally promoted.LAP was therefore increased by stress reaction of the organism.Following intoxication with benzene,the stress reaction however might be weakened,and in addition to the granulocyte immaturity and hypoplasia of marrow,a decreasing trend of LAP was finally demonstratedAcridine organge fluorescent stain of lymphocytes illustrated that the DNA content in the exposure group was significantly lower while ENA was higher than those of control.It was doubtful that whether the changes of DNA and ENA content of lymphocytes bore any evidence of immunological response during the exposure to benzene.Further investigation would be required.