流动人口社会风险治理:理论与路径

The Social Risk Governance of Floating Population——Theory and Approach

"流动人口"作为我国特定阶段的社会现象与社会转型产物,在经济社会发展与急剧变迁的背景下,伴生并蕴藏着巨大的社会风险。流动人口社会风险作为我国转型时期一个重要的风险性问题,长期以来未能得到应有的关注与重视。传统的研究偏重于从流动人口管理或社会风险管理的视角进行审视,而缺乏从国家治理的维度对流动人口社会风险及其治理问题进行探讨与思考。科学研判并有效防范流动人口的社会风险问题,不仅是新时代社会风险治理的重要内容,而且是实现国家治理体系与治理能力现代化的必由之路。从流动人口的社会风险类别和变化趋势看,流动人口的社会风险在客观上需从风险管理朝风险治理的方向转型;从国家治理的维度看,应实现流动人口社会风险从"善政"到"善治"的转化。通过构建"强国家—强社会"的公共治理与风险防控体系,形成适应流动人口社会风险形态变化的公共治理结构与方式,对有效防范并化解其蕴藏的重大风险,实现国家治理体系与治理能力现代化具有十分重要的意义。

"Floating population",as a product of social phenomenon and social transformation during the specific stage in China,is accompanied by a huge social risk in the background of rapid economic and social change.Social risk of internal floating population,an important risk in the transitional period of our country,has not been paid due attention for a long time.Traditional research focuses on the perspective of floating population management or social risk management,but lacks discussion and reflection on the social risk of floating population and its governance from the perspective of national governance.It is not only an important content of social risk management in the new era,but also the only way to scientifically study and effectively prevent the social risk of floating population for the modernization of national governance system and governance ability.Based on the analysis of the concept,risk form,theoretical basis and governance path of social risk of floating population,this paper points out that the social risk of floating population should be transformed from risk management to risk governance;from the perspective of national governance,the social risk of floating population should be transformed from"good policies"to"good governance".Through the construction of the public governance and risk prevention and control system of"strong country-strong society",it is very important to form a public governance structure to adapt to the changes of social risk forms of floating population,effectively prevent and resolve its major risks,and realize the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity.