中国的人类学本体论转向及本体政治指向

The Ontological Turn within China’s Anthropology and Its Practice Orientation

本文以人类学本体论转向为背景和对话对象,讨论与此现象有关的中国人类学及其实践指向。本文对本体论进路的选择性梳理体现出中国人类学在这一多源思潮中的特别视角。本文认为,本体论转向是由多来源的实践活动引发的运动,本体政治以及当下的积极行动人类学或直接行动是其在现实层面的回响。本文最后讨论中国人类学的本体论视野,强调中国的本体论人类学研究具有自己的知识来源和实践动力。文章以日常语言视角下的地势研究为例,讨论这一论说与金岳霖日常语言实在论的契合及其与当代日常语言哲学之间的关系。本文认为,对当下的人类学学者来说,更重要的是以本体感知去看见传统人类学的"事情"。

The article takes the ontological turn within anthropology as the background and the object of dialogue,and discusses Chinese anthropology and its practical orientation related to this phenomenon.The article’s selection of the ontological approaches for review reflects the special perspective of Chinese anthropology in this multi-sourced trend of thought.The article argues that the ontological turn is a movement triggered by multi-sourced practical activities.The ontology of politics and the activist anthropology or direct action is its resounding reality.The article concludes with an ontological perspective on Chinese anthropology,emphasizing that Chinese scholars’research regarding ontological turn has its own source of knowledge and practical motivation.The article,for example,takes the study of topographic(dishi)realism in the perspective of ordinary language to examine the agreement between this perspective and Jin Yuelin’s ordinary language realism,and its relationship with contemporary ordinary language philosophy.The article believes that for the current anthropologists,it is more important to see the"things"by ontological sensibility.