疏食见政:秦汉饮食生活中的日常行政与政治文化

To Make Inquires About Politics by Shushi:Daily Administration and Political Culture in the Dietary Life of Qin and Han Dynasties

在中国传统社会中,饮食与政治有着密切的关系。疏食是秦汉时期百姓的日常饮食,故秦汉政府在日常行政中常强调对疏食的蓄积和利用。疏食有着独特的政治文化含义,首先与祭祀和居丧饮食礼密切相关,其次体现在士人的疏食行为中。东汉时,士人疏食行为成为一种群体现象,士人通过疏食行为所建构的清廉俭约形象,既可以实现“以德化民”的社会治理理想,又可以获取名声,巩固政治地位。通过对历史时期常用饮食词汇的研究,可以深化对饮食与政治关系问题的认识。

In traditional Chinese society,diet is closely related to politics.Shushi(疏食)was the daily diet of common people in the Qin and the Han Dynasties.In the daily administration of Qin and Han Dynasties,govermment often emphasized the accumulation and utilization of Shushi.Shushi had a unique political and culture meaning.Firstly,it was closely related to sacrifice and funeral rituals,and reflected in the scholar-officials'behavior.In the Eastern Han Dynasty,the scholar-offcials’Shushi behavior became a group phenomenon.The image of honesty and frugality constructed by Shushi of the scholars in the Eastern Han Dynasty can not only realize the ideal of“moralizing the people”,but also win political reputation and consolidate political status.Through the study of the common diet words in the historical period,we can deepen our understanding of the relationship between diet and politics.