优化与劣化:东周秦汉时期巴蜀社会阶层结构变迁研究

Optimization and Degradation:The Changes of Social Stratum Structure in Ba-shu States from East Zhou Period to Qin-Han Dynasties

秦灭巴蜀以前,巴蜀社会的阶层结构大体呈优化趋势,但仍是极不稳定的结构形态,隐藏着巨大的社会矛盾。这可能就是巴、蜀两国走向灭亡的重要内因之一。及秦汉帝国置郡设县以后,由于自然地理条件、农业经济发展和人群构成变化等情况,巴、蜀两地的阶层结构分别呈现出劣化与优化两种截然不同的发展趋势。直到文翁化蜀与西汉官学制度施行之后,巴、蜀两地原有的社会阶层结构才一同走向瓦解。

Shu State,the social stratum structures of Ba-shu Culture may show the trend of structure optimization in general,but all the structures are very unstable and easy to initiate the huge contradiction and conflict in society,which may be one of the internal causes of the destruction of Ba State and Shu State.After the system of prefectures and counties were established,there appeared respectively two different development trends,namely degradation and optimization,of social stratum structures in Ba area and Shu area on account of naturaland-geographic-conditions,agricultural economy development and the composition change of people.Till the time that the Old Man Wen started establishing school and the West Han official educational system was built up,the original social stratum structures of Ba-shu areas disintegrated together side by side.