火星环绕器基于DSL自主管理设计方法

Autonomous Management Design Method for Mars Orbiter Based on DSL

火星环绕器飞行距离远,器地通信时延长,无法依靠传统地面站操控来满足实时性、安全性、可靠性要求,往往需要自主管理,自主对环绕器自身能力和状态的感知和决策,形成指令执行序列。因此针对自主管理的知识建模成为研究热点,首先分析了火星环绕器自主管理的软件需求,提出了综合电子基于软总线分层构件化的软件体系结构,设计了一种自主管理领域专用语言(DSL),用于描述多分系统间基于“时间约束和资源约束”的复杂执行序列,同时实现了一种自主管理程控解释器,用于综合电子软件对DSL描述的知识库自主执行;其次为了提高软件开发效率,避免领域专家理解歧义,开发基于DSL的自主管理代码生成器,实现从自主管理DSL知识建模到源代码生成;最后选取典型的应用场景“环绕器与巡视器UHF中继通信”和“两器分离自主程控”,验证了自主管理DSL描述能力和代码生成器效果。结果表明:该DSL在表达能力、执行效率和可靠性安全性方面具优势,已在火星环绕器在轨成功应用,对未来深空探测任务规划设计具有借鉴和参考意义。

Mars orbiter has a long flight distance and long time delay for the communication between the orbiter and the ground.It cannot meet the requirements of real-time,safety,and reliability by traditional ground station control.Usually,autonomous management and autonomous perception and decision-making of the orbiter’s own ability and state are needed so as to form a command execution sequence.Therefore,knowledge modeling for autonomous management has become a research hotspot.In this paper,the software requirements for the autonomous management of Mars orbiter are analyzed.A layered component-based software architecture is proposed based on soft bus,and a domain specific language(DSL)is designed for the autonomous management so as to describe the complex execution sequence between the multiple subsystems based on“time constraints and resource constraints”.An autonomous management programmable interpreter is implemented to execute the knowledge base described by the DSL on the interpreter.Besides,in order to improve the efficiency of software development and avoid the ambiguity of domain experts,an autonomous management code generator is developed to realize the knowledge modeling from the DSL expert base to the source code generation.Finally,the typical application scenarios,i.e.,“surround and patrol UHF relay communication”and“two separate autonomous program control”,are selected to verify the description ability of the DSL and the effect of the code generator.The results show that the DSL has advantages in expression ability,execution efficiency,reliability,and safety,has been successfully applied on Mars orbiter,and can be used as a reference for the planning and design of deep space exploration missions in the future.