运载火箭锂离子蓄电池组工作电压特性研究

Research on Operating Voltage Characteristics of Lithium Ion Batteries for Launch Vehicles

箭上电池是运载火箭电气系统仪器和设备的动力源。目前广泛应用于运载火箭箭上电池是锌银电池组。锌银电池组面临的主要问题是循环寿命较短、平台电压低等。锂离子电池因其高比能量、高比功率、循环寿命长等优势,在运载火箭领域应用有逐步扩大的趋势。通过对适用于运载火箭中、大功率电子设备的锂离子蓄电池组在循环放电试验和综合试验放电特性研究,分析锂离子蓄电池组工作电压特性。结果表明:锂离子蓄电池组内阻远小于锌银电池组,锂离子蓄电池组大电流放电特性较锌银电池组好;负载启动瞬间电池组电压下降相对较少,带载初期电池组电压变化相对较快下降,随后缓慢下降。

Batteries on launch vehicles are the power source for the electrical system instruments and equipment of the launch vehicles. At present,the batteries widely used in launch vehicles are Zn-Ag batteries. The main problems in Zn-Ag batteries are short cycle life,low voltage platform,etc. Due to the advantages such as high specific energy,high specific power,and long cycle life,the application of lithium ion batteries in the field of launch vehicles has a gradual expansion tendency. In this paper,the cycle and comprehensive discharge tests of lithium ion batteries for launch vehicles are studied,and the operating voltage characteristics are analyzed. The results show that the internal resistance of lithium ion batteries is much less than that of Zn-Ag batteries,and the high-current discharge characteristics of lithium ion batteries are better than those of Zn-Ag batteries. Moreover,the operating voltage of lithium ion batteries drops relatively less than that of Zn-Ag batteries at the moment of load starting while more at the beginning of loading,and then drops slowly.