我国博士生分流退出制度实施的问题表征与策略优化

On Representation and Strategy Optimization of the Implementation of doctors Diversion and Withdrawal System

博士生分流退出制度作为加强博士生过程管理、提高培养质量的重要抓手越来越引起广泛关注。在博士生分流退出制度制定和执行过程中,强调教育经济功能的工具理性改革思维和受制于社会“稳定发展”目标的渐进式治理方式,形成了双重目标的国家逻辑。作为“理性经济人”的大学在具体实践中基于自身利益的考量呈现出“趋利避害”和“策略性执行”的科层制逻辑,双重目标的政策取向和策略性的执行方式为分流退出实施留有较大“空隙”,在制度转换的高成本压力下,留有的“空隙”为博士生导师和博士生的“劣性互动”和“行为共谋”提供了生存空间,导致学术逻辑让位于效率逻辑。多重制度逻辑的冲突与博弈使博士生分流退出制度陷入层层困境,需要从纳入学位评估、增加贯通式培养比例、完善监测预警机制、严格分流退出程序等方面整体推进改革。

As an important measure to strengthen the management of the doctoral process and improve the quality of the training,the system of doctoral students’shunting and withdrawing has attracted more and more attention.In the process of setting up and implementing the system of doctor’s diversion and withdrawal,the tool rational reform thinking which emphasizes the function of educational economy and the gradual governance mode which is restricted by the goal of maintaining social stability have formed the dual-objective national logic.As a“rational economic man”,the university presents a bureaucratic logic of“seeking benefit and avoiding harm”and“strategic execution”based on the consideration of its own interests in its concrete practice,the policy orientation of the dual objectives and the strategic implementation method leave a big“gap”for the implementation of the diversion exit,and under the high cost pressure of the system transformation,the“gap”provides the living space for the“bad interaction”and“behavior collusion”between the professor and the doctoral students,leading to the academic logic to give way to the efficiency logic.The multiple system logic conflict and the game cause the doctor to separate the flow to withdraw the system to fall into the difficult position one after another,we need to push forward the reform as a whole from the aspects of including degree evaluation,increasing the proportion of through-training,improving the monitoring and early-warning mechanism,and strictly shunting out procedures.