学科治理的三重逻辑及其互动机制

The triple logic of discipline governance and its interactive mechanism

学科治理的主体既包括学术、学者、高校,又包括国家、各级党委、政府,其治理方式既有自上而下的科层制度,也有自下而上的学术治理,也包括各级横向沟通的制度设计,治理目标既要促进知识增长和人才培养效能,也要满足国家战略需求和经济社会发展需要。由此,学科治理是以实现高等教育职能为目标、以资源配置和政策保障为导向、国家与政府主导的、学校与学者共同参与的带有项目制特征的治理模式。国家、大学与学术所分别代表的国家权威(政策权威)、行政力量和学术力量,就构成了学科治理的三大关键主体。其中,国家和政府始终主导和引领学科建设的方向,大学组织是学科建设的实施主体和组织者推进者,以学者为代表的学术力量则构成了学科建设的生产主体。学科治理需要在国家、大学和学术之间实现不同主体间的良性互动机制。当下的学科治理正在经历由统一模式向混合模式的变革,未来的学科治理需要进一步凸显学科的特色与优势要素,走向学科发展的多元治理模式。

Discipline governamce is a governance concept involving the cooperation of the state,the government,universities and academia.It is a governance concept that needs to be understood and expounded from the macro policy of higher education.The subjects of discipline governance include not only academics,scholars and universities,but also the state,Party committees and governments at all levels.Its governance methods include both top-down bureaucratic system,bottom-up academic governance and system design of horizontal communication at all levels.The governance objectives should promote knowledge growth and talent training efficiency,We should also meet the national strategic needs and the needs of economic and social development.Therefore,discipline governance is a governance model with the characteristics of project system,which aims at realizing the functions of higher education,is guided by resource allocation and policy guarantee,and is led by the state and the government and participated by schools and scholars.The National Authority(policy authority),administrative power and academic power represented by the state,universities and academia constitute the three key subjects of discipline governance.Among them,the state and the government have always led and led the direction of discipline construction.University organizations are the implementation subject,organizers and promoters of discipline construction,and academic forces represented by scholars constitute the production subject of discipline construction.Discipline governance needs to realize the balance and restriction of power among the state,university and scholars,so as to achieve a benign interaction mechanism between different interest subjects.In the first mock exam,the current discipline management is undergoing a transformation from unified mode to mixed mode.The future discipline management needs to further highlight the advantages of the discipline features and move towards the pluralistic governance mode of disciplinary development.