学前教育实践应坚守怎样的儿童立场

How Should the Practice of Preschool Education Stick to Children’s Standpoint Today

伴随当前学前教育改革进程,儿童立场成为实践者普遍公认和坚守的法则。正本溯源,儿童立场是儿童观的演变、儿童权利国际法案的颁布、基于儿童视角的教育观以及国家课程改革政策"学生为本"的价值导向等因素共同影响而产生的共识。儿童立场确立后带来了学前教育实践前所未有的变革。然而,从国家"有质量的学前教育"政策要求出发,我们发现实践中教师坚守儿童立场的行为尚有偏误,包括忽视及时用心去循声倾听儿童、动态铺设的课程轨道偏离儿童学习与发展目标、教师在儿童发展中的支持引导作用被边缘化。那么,当今学前教育实践究竟应该坚守怎样的儿童立场以保证每一个儿童享有高质量的教育以及生命获得和谐全面的发展呢?我们认为,应当改变当前非此即彼的二元对立思维和行为方式,坚守一种平衡主义的儿童立场。

With the current preschool education reforming process,children’s standpoint has become a widely recognized and adhered rule within practitioners.Children’s standpoint is a consensus generated by the following influencing factors:the evolution of view of children,the promulgation of the international bill of children’s rights,the educational view of based-on children’s perspective,and the value orientation of national curriculum reform policies.The establishment of children’s standpoint has brought unprecedented efforts and changes in practice of preschool education.However,starting from the national development goal of"Quality Preschool Education",we found that the teacher’s behavior errors while sticking to children’s standpoint.Then,how should the practice of preschool education stick to children’s standpoint to ensure that each child will enjoy quality education,achieve a harmonious and all-round life development?We believe that the simple binary opposition mode of thinking should be changed,and a balanced doctrine ofchildren’s standpoint is worth advocating.