加密货币跨境交易纠纷法律问题研究

加密货币以高效便捷性、去中心性、匿名性作为独特的技术优势,多被用于跨境收支、离岸支付与国际投融资领域。在缺少政府背书的情形下,加密货币交易存在诸多风险,容易诱发大规模的跨境交易纠纷。目前,加密货币、区块链技术的开发体系尚未形成,各国的监管态度并不统一,智能合约、网络的不规范使用成为诱发加密货币跨境交易纠纷的重要因素。加密货币不同于以往的国际金融的交易媒介,因此通过传统法律制度解决加密货币跨境交易纠纷时存在技术鸿沟与法律适用的双重障碍。伴随加密货币应用范围的不断扩大、跨境交易纠纷的频繁发生,为了厘清加密货币复杂的法律关系以及特殊的法律性质,建议由金融法院集中管辖加密货币各类纠纷,以更好地契合加密货币去中心化和数据交流匿名、瞬时性的特点,为加密货币用户提供良好的救济路径。

Cryptocurrencies,with their unique technological advantages of efficiency,decentralization,and anonymity,are widely used in cross-border transactions,offshore payments,and international investment and financing.Operating without the backing of governments,cryptocurrency transactions entail various risks,often leading to large-scale cross-border transaction disputes.Currently,the development framework for cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology is not fully established,and regulatory attitudes vary across countries.Improper use of smart contracts and networks has become a significant factor contributing to disputes in cross-border cryptocurrency transactions.Distinguishing itself from traditional international financial transaction mediums,cryptocurrency introduces a dual challenge of bridging the scientific and technological gap and applying existing legal frameworks when resolving cross-border transaction disputes.With the continuous expansion of cryptocurrency applications and the frequent occurrence of cross-border transaction disputes,establishing a Blockchain Financial Court to centrally adjudicate various cryptocurrency disputes proves more conducive to protecting the decentralized nature of cryptocurrencies and the characteristics of anonymous and instantaneous data exchange.This approach also provides an effective remedy for cryptocurrency users in navigating the complex legal relationships and unique legal nature of cryptocurrencies.