慈善捐赠区块链:创新、困境、挑战与制度回应

基于区块链技术的慈善捐赠信息系统,若能提升慈善捐赠信息的透明度和可信度,有利于提高我国慈善事业的善治水平。但是,其实际应用过程中面临实名认证困难、信息真实难保、算力激励缺失等现实困境。此外,其独特的去中心化与链式数据结构又在有效监管、算力属性、责任主体认定等方面对行业监管治理形成了巨大挑战。为了有效应对困难与挑战,一方面,应充分肯定区块链技术的革命性创新及其与法治的价值共鸣,完善算力投入法律保障制度;另一方面,应直视区块链技术的自治潜力及其对法律治理的挑战,强化发起人主体责任,探索穿透式监管等科技监管手段,重塑监管友好型区块链应用。

The charitable donation information system built on blockchain technology would be conducive to improving the governance of China's charities provided that it can enhance the transparency and credibility of donation information.However,in practice,it faces difficulties in authenticating real names,ensuring the accuracy of information,and a lack of computing power incentives.In addition,its unique decentralization and chain data structure pose great challenges to the industry in determining computing power attributes,identifying the responsible entities,and effectively supervising and regulating the information system.To cope with the difficulties and challenges,we should,on the one hand,recognize the revolutionary innovation of blockchain technology and its alignment with the value of rule of law,and improve the system of computing power investment;and on the other hand,we should face the autonomy potential of blockchain technology and its challenges to legal regulation,strengthen the primary responsibility of sponsors,and explore technological supervision methods such as penetration supervision,so as to reshape the regulation-friendly blockchain applications.