上海旧志中的方言词汇考察及价值初探——以“松江府卷”“松江县卷”为例

Preliminary research on dialect vocabulary in the old annals of Shanghai and its value——Taking Volume of Songjiang Prefecture and Volume of Songjiang County as examples

“上海府县旧志丛书”也是沪(吴)语研究资料库,本文选择丛书所记载的方言词汇为研究入口。丛书中可供方言词汇研究的材料有三类:列目材料、未列目材料、散记在其他卷目中的材料。前二者是方言词汇研究直接资料,后者是间接资料。志书载录到的方言词汇,几乎包括所有词类,都同农业生产、农村生活、乡间习俗密切相关,无一不渗透着强烈的农耕社会特色和沪地、苏南地域特色,且“所载录的词汇和其他语言现象大多沿用至现代”。对其收集、汇编、整理,展开研究,在探讨方言历史演变、方言地理分布等研究方面都具有重要价值,乃至可推动汉语方言史研究进程。发掘方志资料,推进方言研究,任重道远。

Book Series of Old Annals of Prefectures and Counties of Shanghai is also a research database of Shanghai(Jiangsu)language.This paper takes the dialect vocabulary recorded in it as the starting point of research.There are three kinds of materials for dialect vocabulary research in the book series:listed materials,unlisted materials,and materials written scatteringly in other volumes.The former two are the direct materials of dialect vocabulary research,while the latter is the indirect materials.The dialect vocabulary recorded in the annals,including almost all parts of speech,is closely related to agricultural production,rural life,and rural customs,permeated with strong characteristics of agricultural society and regional features of Shanghai and southern Jiangsu,and"most of the vocabulary and other language phenomena recorded are still in use in modern times".It is of great value to collect,compile,sort out and conduct research on dialect vocabulary in terms of discussing the historical evolution of dialects,geographical distribution of dialects,and even promoting the research process of the history of Chinese dialects.It is a long-term,arduous task to mine out resources of local records and promote dialect research.