民国时期广西监狱囚犯生存环境初探

Primary Exploration of the Living Environment of Prisoners Kept in Guangxi Prisons in the Republic of China

民国时期狱政改良渐成风气,广西监狱在形制上渐趋现代化,囚犯的生存环境也在一定程度上得到改善。由于广西各地社会经济发展差异,政府财政投入在省、县级监狱有所侧重,各地囚犯的生活条件,存在明显的差异,劳动、教诲等资源较为集中在省级监狱层面。广西监狱改良呈现出三级分化的现象。所谓三级分化就是省级与县级之间的分化,县级监狱内部也存在分化现象,原土司地区的旧监环境改良情况要好于经济较发达的桂林、梧州等地区。囚犯的生存环境,仍有较大的提升空间。

During the period of the Republic of China,the improvement of prison administration gradually prevailed.Guangxi prisons gradually became modernized in terms of structure and system,and the living environment of their prisoners also improved to a certain extent.Due to the differences in socio-economic development in various places in Guangxi,the government financial investment had its priorities in the prisons at provincial and county levels.And the living conditions of prisoners in each prison were largely different.The labour,education and other resources were concentrated in the prisons at provincial level.The reform of Guangxi prisons presented differentiation in three kinds,namely,the differentiation between the provincial level and the county level,the differentiation among the county-level prisons,and the better environmental improvement of the old prisons in the former Tusi-governed areas(Tusi,national minority hereditary headmen appointed in the Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties)than that in Guilin,Wuzhou and other developed areas.Still,there was large room for improvement for the living environment of prisoners.