建筑施工噪声监测分析与评价建议

Monitoring Analysis and Evaluation Suggestions of Building Construction Noise

随着人们生活品质的日益提高,对城市声环境提出了更高的要求,施工噪声作为城市噪声的主要来源之一,需要有一套更加完善的监测与评价方法。对施工噪声特点进行分析,并对国内外施工噪声评价中使用的指标划分要素和指标类型进行梳理,在长沙市选取2个不同阶段具有代表性的施工场地进行噪声监测,分别从等效连续A声级、统计声级和最大声级3方面分析了噪声超标情况,发现施工场地噪声排放存在一定超标现象,尤其是夜间更为严重。在实践与理论双重基础上,从增加声环境分区、探索评价指标类型及限值、细化评价步骤三方面提出了优化建议,并提出了建筑施工噪声限值(建议),以期为施工噪声的评价提供新思路。

With the improvement of people’s life quality and the higher requirements for urban sound environment,a more complete set of monitoring and evaluation methods of construction noise were needed.Construction noise characteristics were analyzed and the indicator division factors and indicator types used in construction noise evaluation at home and abroad were summarized.Two representative construction sites in different stages in Changsha were selected for noise monitoring.The noise level was analyzed from three aspects:equivalent continuous A sound level,statistical sound level and maximum sound level.It was found that the noise emission of construction site is beyond the standard,especially at night.On the basis of both practice and theory,the optimization suggestions were put forward from three aspects:increasing the division of sound environment,exploring the types and limits of evaluation indexes,and refining the evaluation steps.The limit value of construction noise(recommended)was put forward,which provided a new idea for the evaluation of construction noise.