聚氨酯/SiO2驻极体纳米纤维的制备及其过滤性能

Preparation and filtration performance of polyurethane/SiO2 electret nanofibers

通过添加二氧化硅(SiO2)驻极体纳米粒子来提高聚氨酯(PU)纳米纤维膜的表面电荷量,以增强纳米纤维膜的静电吸附效应,进而提高纳米纤维膜的过滤性能,并对不同SiO2含量纳米纤维膜的结构和性能进行表征和分析。结果显示:当SiO2质量分数为5%时,纤维平均直径为137 nm,且分布较窄;纤维膜平均孔径最小,为1.47μm,孔隙率为84.86%,纤维膜力学性能较好,断裂强度为21.56 MPa、断裂伸长为137.35%;纤维膜初始表面电势最大,为4.28 kV;纤维膜表面电势稳定性最佳,在15 d后仍能保持1.66 kV的表面电势;纤维膜过滤性能最佳,过滤效率为94.256%,过滤阻力为29.71 Pa。

The surface charge of polyurethane(PU)nanofiber membranes is increased by adding silicon dioxide(SiO2)electret nanoparticles to enhance the electrostatic adsorption effect of nanofiber membranes,thereby improving the filtration performance of nanofiber membranes.The structure and properties of nanofiber membranes with different SiO2 content are characterized and analyzed.The results show that when the SiO2 content is 5%,the average diameter of nanofibers is 137 nm with narrow distribution;the average pore size of the fibers is the smallest(1.47μm),and the porosity is 84.86%;the mechanical properties of the fibers are good,the breaking strength is 21.56 MPa,and the breaking elongation is 137.35%;the initial surface potential of the fibers is the largest of 4.28 kV,the surface potential stability of the fibers is the best of 1.66 kV after 15 day,and the filtration performance of the fiber membrane is the best with the filtration efficiency of 94.256%and filtration resistance of 29.71 Pa.