梯级水库群多目标调度增益分配的组合系数法

Combination coefficient method for allocating incremental benefit of multi-objective operation to cascade reservoirs

在当前流域综合开发的背景下,流域内多利益主体间公平、高效、合理的效益分配,是维持梯级水库合作联盟的稳定性和综合发展的可持续性的关键。本文基于水资源多目标开发要求和多利益主体效益分配问题,提出了同时考虑水库贡献度和牺牲度的组合系数增益分配模型,综合水库在发电优化联合调度中的增益贡献度和多目标优化调度中的效益牺牲度,合理进行联盟增量效益分配。应用结果表明:增量效益的分配实质上是对水库贡献的奖励和对牺牲的补偿;贡献度和牺牲度都较高的水库分得更多的增量效益,组合系数分摊法的分配结果公平合理;与基于比例分配法和传统Shapley值分配法的分配结果相比,组合系数的分摊方法更符合当前水资源多目标发展要求。

Under recent comprehensive watershed development, a fair, efficient and reasonable scheme for benefit allocation to multi-stakeholders is key to maintaining cooperation stability and development sustainability for cascade reservoirs. This paper presents a new model of combination coefficient incremental benefit allocation that can consider both the contribution degree and sacrifice degree of cascade reservoirs, considering the requirement of multi-objective water resources development and the issue with benefit allocation to multi-stakeholders. This model can give reasonable incremental benefit allocation to the coalition through combining the incremental benefit contribution degree in joint operation for power generation optimization with the benefit sacrifice degree in multi-objective optimal operation. The results show that the allocation of incremental benefit is essentially a reward for contribution and a compensation for sacrifice;reservoirs with more contribution and sacrifice receive more incremental benefits, demonstrating the fairness and reasonableness of the model. Compared with the proportional distribution method or traditional Shapley value distribution, our new method is better in line with the requirement of recent multi-objective water resources development.