水电机组监控系统有功功率调节仿真研究

Study on active power regulation of hydropower unit monitoring system

考虑到目前水电机组有功功率调节主要以监控系统有功功率闭环调节为主,本文针对水电机组监控系统有功功率调节仿真研究,建立了包含监控系统、调速器、输水系统、水轮机的详细有功功率调节数学模型,通过与实测结果的对比验证了数学模型的准确性。基于数值仿真分析了监控系统及调速器参数对有功功率调节过程的影响,即监控系统脉宽计算参数β主要影响有功功率调节中接近目标值的调节过程,β越小导叶开度调节量越大;脉冲周期T越短功率调节速度明显加快;最大脉宽Tkmax设定值越小每周期内导叶开度的调节量越小,整个有功功率的调节时间越长;最小脉宽Tkmin对整个有功功率调节速度无影响,但影响调节精度;调速器导叶开度给定调整的速度主要由开度给定积分器中参数Tiy所决定,Tiy越大导叶动作越慢,减小Tiy可以增加导叶开度的调节速度,但是功率反调值也会增加。

At present,closed-loop regulation using a monitoring system is the main method for regulating the power of hydropower units.To simulate the active power regulation behaviors of such a system,this paper develops a mathematical model including LCU,governor,water conveyance system,and hydro turbine;and verifies its accuracy against measurements in-situ.Based on simulations,we analyze the influence of the monitoring system and governor parameters on the transient process of active power regulation.Results show that the system’s pulse width parameterβmainly affects those adjustment processes that are close to the target value in active power regulation,and that a smallerβleads to larger regulating amplitudes of guide vane opening.A short pulse period T accelerates the regulation.A smaller maximum width Tkmax leads to smaller regulating amplitudes of the opening in each cycle,thus prolonging the total regulation time;while the minimum width Tkmin has no effect on regulation speed but affects regulation accuracy significantly.The speed of guide vane opening regulation is determined by the parameter Tiy.A large Tiy slows down power regulation,while reducing Tiy can increase regulation speed but will also increase the inversely regulated power value.Specifying a too small Tiy may lead to overshoot and even oscillation in active power and guide vane opening.