养老保障体系与养老产业协同发展的策略性应对

Strategic Responses to the Coordinated Development of the Old-Age Security System and the Elderly Care Industry

在我国老龄化问题凸显,老年人口基数大增长快的背景下,加快构建社会养老保障体系,发展养老产业,不断满足民众老有所养的基本需求,已成为政府的重要工作任务。为实现养老保障体系的多重制度目标和可持续发展要求,有必要重新审视宏观层面上我国养老保障体系的构成要素及微观层面上养老保障制度的架构,从当前的社会需求出发,前者应涵盖经济保障、服务保障、精神保障三个基本要素,后者则应注重保险、福利、救助三项核心制度。上述内容的完善能够为推动我国养老事业与养老产业的融合提供有效的内部机制设计,而在外部政策环境的构建上,则应从产业政策视角梳理和区分我国养老领域中的引导性政策、支持性政策和保障性政策,为助推我国养老产业实现集群化并建立长效机制提供思路。

Against the backdrop of prominent aging in China,characterized by a large and rapidly growing elderly population,accelerating the construction of the social old-age security system,and developing the elderly care industry to continuously meet the basic needs of the elderly has become an important task for the government.To achieve the multiple institutional goals and sustainable development requirements of the old-age security system,it is necessary to re-examine the macro-level components of China’s old-age security system and the micro-level structures of the old-age security schemes.Based on current social needs,the former should encompass three basic elements:economic security,service security,and spiritual security,while the latter should focus on three core systems:insurance,welfare,and assistance.Improving these aspects can provide an effective internal mechanism design for promoting the integration of China’s elderly care services and industry.Regarding the construction of the external policy environment,it is essential to sort out and distinguish the guiding policies,supportive policies,and security policies in China’s elderly care field from an industrial policy perspective.This approach provides insights for promoting the clustering of China’s elderly care industry and establishing a long-term mechanism.