儿童主任政策再研究:政策成效与角色压力

Further Study on the Policy of Child Welfare Director:Policy Effectiveness and Role Pressure

儿童主任政策是中国儿童保护体系建设的重要组成部分,也是《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》落地基层的现实需要。通过三年内的两次调查发现,2022年与2020年相比,儿童主任政策取得了一定进展,但政策输入中的激励机制、政策过程中儿童主任专业能力,以及政策结果中困境儿童危险预防和处境改善仍发展较弱。政策输入中培训对政策效果的总效应最大,政策过程中专业能力的间接效应值最高。儿童主任的角色过载和角色冲突较高。不同角色压力组的儿童主任在资源获得、资源损失上存在差异,导致了工作效果的不同。未来,应明确儿童主任的工作重点和界限,协同推进,并根据儿童主任角色压力的差异分类介入,促进儿童主任政策持续有效发展。

The policy of child welfare director is an important part of China’s child protection system,and it is also a practical need for the implementation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Minors at the primary level.Through two surveys conducted within three years,it was found that the child welfare director policy has made certain progress in 2022 compared to 2020.However,there are still weaknesses in the incentive mechanisms for policy implementation,the professional capacities of child welfare directors during the policy process,and the prevention of danger and improvement of the situation for children living in difficulties within the policy outcomes.The overall effect of training on policy outcomes is the highest in policy implementation,while the indirect effect of professional capacities during the policy process is the highest.The role of a child welfare director is often overloaded and involves a high level of role conflict.The child director of different role pressure groups exhibits differences in resource acquisition and resource loss,resulting in different work outcomes.In the future,the focus and boundaries of the child welfare directors’work should be clearly defined and coordinated.Interventions should be categorized based on the varying pressures on the role of the child welfare directors,in order to promote the continuous and effective development of policies for the child welfare directors.