社会排斥视角下的失地农民养老保障困境研究

Research on the Dilemma of Land-lost Peasants’ Pension Security from the Perspective of Social Exclusion

随着我国城镇化进程的持续推进,农村土地征收规模不断扩大,失地农民人数日益增多,解决失地农民的养老保障问题迫在眉睫。文章基于社会排斥理论的视角,主要采用了文献研究法对失地农民的养老保障现状进行分析,发现了失地农民养老保障面临的问题,从结构性排斥和功能性排斥两个角度探索这些问题的成因,并在此基础上提出反社会排斥的政策构建:加快户籍制度的改革、优化土地征用补偿制度、加强社区功能和文化建设、健全失地农民养老保障制度体系、制定就业和创业的扶持政策、设立失地农民就业技能培训项目、加大政府养老保障政策宣传,从而完善失地农民的养老保障制度,为提高失地农民生活质量和养老能力提供借鉴。

With the continuous progress of urbanization in China,the scale of rural land expropriation is expanding,and the number of landless farmers is increasing.It is of great urgency to solve the problem of old-age security for landless farmers.Based on social exclusion theory,this paper mainly adopts the literature research method to analyze the current situation of the old-age security of the landless peasants,finds out the problems faced by the land-lost farmers’old-age security,explores the causes of these problems from two perspectives of structural exclusion and functional exclusion.On this basis,the establishment of an anti-social exclusion policy is proposed:accelerating the reform of the household registration system,optimizing the compensation system for land acquisition,enhancing community functions and cultural construction,perfecting the old-age security system for land-lost farmers,formulating support policies for employment and entrepreneurship,establishing employment skills training programs for land-lost farmers and increasing publicity of the government’s pension security policies.In this way,the old-age security system for land-losing farmers will be improved,which can provide reference for improving the quality of life and old-age care ability of land-losing farmers.