“部分篡改型”虚假诉讼行为认定问题浅论

Research on the Determination of False Litigation Behavior of"Partial Tampering"

虚假诉讼罪是指以捏造的事实提起民事诉讼,妨害司法秩序或者严重侵害他人合法权益的行为。《刑法》第三百零七条之一第1款,对于“捏造的事实”的规定并不明确,造成理论与实践相背离的局面。从理论与实践、保护法益、维护司法权威等角度出发,应当将“部分篡改型”虚假诉讼行为纳入虚假诉讼罪的规制范围。在明确“捏造的事实”包含“部分篡改型”行为的基础上,建议在已有司法解释中单独增加一条规定,通过“列举+兜底”的方式对“篡改”行为进行概括规定;出台一部新的司法解释,对“部分篡改型”虚假诉讼行为的认定标准作出明确规定,以便更有效地打击虚假诉讼行为。

The crime of false litigation refers to the act of initiate a civil lawsuit based on fabricated facts,obstructing judicial order,or seriously infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of others.The provision for"fabricated facts"is not clear in Article 307,paragraph 1 of the Criminal Law,resulting in a deviation between theory and practice.From the perspectives of theory and practice,protecting legal interests and maintaining judicial authority,"partial tampering"false litigation behavior should be included in the regulatory scope of false litigation crimes.On the basis of clarifying that"fabricated facts"include"partial tampering"behavior,it is suggested to add a separate provision in existing judicial interpretations,summarizing and stipulating"tampering"behavior through"enumeration+bottoming";A new judicial interpretation could be introduced to clearly define the criteria for identifying"partially tampering"false litigation behavior,in order to more effectively combat false litigation behavior.